《一般固體廢(fei)物(wu)分類(lei)與代碼》（GB/T 39198-2020）在(zai)2020年(nian)10月(yue)11日(ri)發(fa)布(bu)，并將于2021年(nian)5月(yue)1日(ri)起實(shi)施。

此次新(xin)固廢(fei)分類代(dai)碼的發布，是對自2020年(nian)9月(yue)1日起實施的由中(zhong)華人民共和國(guo)第十三屆(jie)全國(guo)人民代(dai)表(biao)大(da)會(hui)常(chang)務委(wei)員會(hui)第十七次會(hui)議于2020年(nian)4月(yue)29日修訂通過(guo)的《中(zhong)華人民共和國(guo)固體廢(fei)物污(wu)染環境(jing)防治法》（以(yi)下簡(jian)稱(cheng)新(xin)《固廢(fei)法》）的一次細化。

《一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)分類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)與代(dai)(dai)碼》的(de)(de)(de)正式實施，為新《固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)法(fa)(fa)》的(de)(de)(de)施行(xing)提供(gong)有力(li)的(de)(de)(de)支撐依據(ju)，使得企業(ye)在(zai)日后的(de)(de)(de)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)管理中(zhong)(zhong)，明(ming)確(que)(que)如何準確(que)(que)鑒別(bie)(bie)(bie)哪(na)些(xie)才是一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)；同時，新《固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)法(fa)(fa)》也保(bao)證《一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)分類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)與代(dai)(dai)碼》得以(yi)高(gao)效的(de)(de)(de)落(luo)地，新《固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)法(fa)(fa)》加大了(le)企業(ye)對固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)管理違法(fa)(fa)行(xing)為的(de)(de)(de)處(chu)罰(fa)力(li)度，罰(fa)款額(e)度最(zui)高(gao)可至(zhi)500萬元，并增加了(le)按日連續處(chu)罰(fa)、行(xing)政拘留(liu)、查封扣(kou)押(ya)、等(deng)處(chu)罰(fa)種類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)。二者協同運用讓(rang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)(de)管理更(geng)加規范(fan)。其中(zhong)(zhong)污染(ran)種類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)涵蓋廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)棄資源；采礦(kuang)業(ye)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)；食品、飲料等(deng)行(xing)業(ye)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)；輕功、化工(gong)(gong)(gong)、醫藥、建材等(deng)行(xing)業(ye)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)；鋼鐵、有色(se)冶金等(deng)行(xing)業(ye)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)；飛(fei)特定(ding)行(xing)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng)6大來源40個分類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)；覆蓋工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)中(zhong)(zhong)絕大部分污染(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)指：未(wei)被列入《國(guo)家危險廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)名錄》或(huo)(huo)者根據(ju)國(guo)家規定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)GB5085鑒別(bie)(bie)(bie)標準和GB5086及(ji)GB/T15555鑒別(bie)(bie)(bie)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)判(pan)定(ding)不具有危險特性的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。例如：粉煤灰(hui)、煤矸(gan)石和爐渣等(deng)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)分為Ⅰ類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)和Ⅱ類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)第Ⅰ類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)按照(zhao)GB5086規定(ding)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)進行(xing)浸出試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)而(er)獲得的(de)(de)(de)浸出液中(zhong)(zhong)，任何一(yi)(yi)(yi)種污染(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)濃(nong)度均未(wei)超過(guo)GB8978最(zui)高(gao)允(yun)許(xu)排放濃(nong)度，且pH值(zhi)在(zai)6~9范(fan)圍(wei)之內的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。第Ⅱ類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)按照(zhao)GB5086規定(ding)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)進行(xing)浸出試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)而(er)獲得的(de)(de)(de)浸出液中(zhong)(zhong)，有一(yi)(yi)(yi)種或(huo)(huo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種以(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)污染(ran)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)濃(nong)度超過(guo)GB8978最(zui)高(gao)允(yun)放排放濃(nong)度，或(huo)(huo)者是pH值(zhi)在(zai)6~9范(fan)圍(wei)之外的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。具體(ti)(ti)(ti)分類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)詳情(qing)見(jian)下文